A whole-house water filter is expensive but usually worth the investment
Whole-house water filters purify all water that comes into your home.
These systems cost $1,000 to $4,000, not including installation.
The primary reason to install a water filter is to mitigate high contaminant levels, like heavy metals.
If taste is your main concern, options like water pitchers and faucet-mounted filters are more accessible.
A whole-house water filter system, also known as a point-of-entry (POE) filter, filters the water from the primary entry point into your home. This system doesn't just ensure you have cleaner, softer, better-smelling water available for drinking so that you don’t have to fret over dirt, rust, or sediment. It also supplies filtered water to your appliances, showerheads, and every other household water outlet, which helps protect your fixture’s lifespan.
But before you click “add to cart,” is a whole-house water filter the best fit for your home, or are there other alternatives that’d work better? Learn more about the POE’s pros and cons, and how they compare to other water filtering systems.
Useful if you use well water or your water has a strong odor
Works like a water softener in some cases. Pipes are less likely to clog, and you could extend the lifespan of your appliances. You may even notice an improvement in your skin and hair, and your glassware and clothes may be cleaner.
Can provide peace of mind if you or a family member are susceptible to medical problems caused by exposure to chemicals in the water supply
Whole-house systems are significantly more expensive than point-of-use (POU) filters
Compared to POU systems, POEs are more complicated and costly to install and maintain
You need a licensed plumbing professional near you to fit this type of system
Because the water needs to run through the filter quickly, it can cause a drop in water pressure, particularly if you’re using water from multiple appliances or faucets at once
Whole-house water filtration systems can vary dramatically in cost, the types of contaminants they remove, and the amount of maintenance they need. The most common types of water filters are carbon-based and reverse-osmosis configurations.
These filters act as your primary blocker to capture debris and other solid matter. It’s a woven filter akin to a standard air filter in your furnace. Similar to the way a window screen prevents leaves from blowing into your home, a media filter is your first line of defense against dirty water and larger debris.
Whole-house systems with carbon filters are the most economical option, and they also require the least maintenance. These filters generally don’t need to be replaced for at least three years, and they remove one of the most common contaminants: chlorine, which reduces the chance of poor-tasting water.
Depending on the filter quality and the contaminants you want to avoid, you may still need an extra POE water filter to remove other particles. Carbon-based filters are also common alongside water filters. Placed after the softener, they can improve water quality, but placed before can improve water quality and reduce how much water softener maintenance you face over time.
RO filters are best used to purify drinking water from your tap, not the whole house. These systems block a wider variety of contaminants such as VOCs and lead, but are more expensive, need more maintenance, and produce more wastewater. They may even strip beneficial minerals from your water, making them an alternative to a water softener but not one that’s ideal for whole-home use.
RO filters also work slowly, so they can cause a pretty significant dip in your water pressure, similar to if your water softener isn’t sized properly.
Ultraviolet filters use UV lights, unsurprisingly, to kill bacteria and viruses that might make their way into your water. UV light takes time to kill pathogens, so, much like RO filters, UV filters are usually only suitable for treating drinking water and would cause too much of a delay if you tried to use them as whole-house filters.
Additionally, UV filters are really only useful for drinking water if you’re on a private well that could get contaminated. Public drinking water in most areas in the U.S. won’t come with a risk of pathogenic material that UV light would dispose of.
Cost is a major consideration when choosing a whole-house or point-of-use filter, but it is not the only one. Consider ease of use, taste, and other factors when shopping for a water filter.
Ultimately, you can't control the various forces of nature and urban planning that may contaminate your water. All household water will have some degree of minerals, but excessive scale can clog your appliances. If the local water contains enough heavy metals to make anyone in your household sick, a whole-house filter makes more sense than a water pitcher.
Households that use more water need a whole-house filter more than households that keep water use low. Even if your concern is solely the taste of your drinking water, a single person may be fine with a water pitcher. One or two water pitchers may not be practical for a large household, making a whole-house filter more tenable if scale and contaminants are also pressing issues.
Faucet-mounted filters can get the job done if your main concern is better-tasting drinking water. But an under-sink filter is more discreet if you don't want a huge filter ruining your Pinterest-worthy kitchen. A whole-house filter makes sense if you have too many sinks for under-sink filters to be practical since those require custom plumbing work.
Filters need to be periodically cleaned and replaced. Depending on the filter type and location, you may need to replace it every six to 12 months, which costs just $40 to $200 per year for point-of-use filters. Whole-house water filters require annual professional maintenance, which costs more, but you won’t have to take on the mental or physical labor of changing them out. The value judgment is up to your budget and ability to remember filter changes.
Whole-house water filtration systems can vary dramatically in price. They can average anything from around $1,000 for a standard carbon filter system to over $4,000 for a more advanced reverse-osmosis filter system.
You also have to factor in the costs of installation. Depending on the system you choose and any potential modifications needed to accommodate it, the price can vary from around $300 to more than $3,000.
If you don’t want the expense and hassle of having a whole-house water filter system installed but you still want cleaner drinking water, it’s much easier and less expensive to use a point-of-use filter system. Below are a few popular options, but it’s also possible to get under-the-sink, countertop, and refrigerator water filter systems.
This is the least expensive option and requires no installation. These filters are built-in into a pitcher, so all you have to do is fill ‘er up before drinking tap water. The filter pore size varies, so check the type before you buy. Also, be aware that the filters need regular replacement.
These systems attach to most types of faucets. It’s possible to switch the filter on and off, depending on if you’re pouring drinking water or just need to water your houseplants or do dishes. They’re one of the cheapest POU systems and are easy to use, but the filters need regular replacement.
Here, the filter is integrated within the faucet rather than mounted onto it. It’s another type where you can easily switch between filtered and unfiltered water. But they’re more expensive, and you have to factor in the cost and hassle of having them installed.
No filter system eliminates all contaminants, so you need to understand what is in your water, your budget, and what you want your filter to achieve. Whichever filter you opt for, ideally, it should be NSF-certified.
If you just want cleaner drinking water, then a whole-house system is likely not the best investment, and you should focus on a POU filtration option. However, if you use well water or a certified water test from a water specialist near you shows high levels of contaminants, you may want the peace of mind a whole-house water filter system can bring.
