How to Build a Floating Deck for the Best Outdoor Space
Your yard is hours away from being decked out
We all want that perfect outdoor entertainment space. If your yard doesn’t have a deck or patio, learning how to build a floating deck can transform any lackluster backyard into the go-to place for gatherings. Before you call in the pros, follow these steps to build a DIY floating deck.
What Is a Floating Deck?
A floating deck is a standalone deck, meaning you won’t need to attach it to your home. Though this type of deck doesn’t float (unfortunately) your deck will appear like it’s floating above the ground. The benefits to choosing a floating deck include:
They’re faster to build than other types of decks.
Most floating decks don’t need deck stairs.
You might not need a permit to build one.
You can place them away from the house.
At the same time, floating decks are more likely to blow over in the case of a storm, so if you live in a region that experiences extreme winds, this type of deck might not be the right one for your home.
How Much Does It Cost to Build a Floating Deck?
The average cost to build a floating deck is anywhere from $20 to $60 per square foot. Since the average deck ranges from 144 square feet to 400 square feet, you’ll end up paying between $2,800 and $24,000 to build your deck yourself.
How to Prep for Building a Floating Deck
Preparing for your project is a surefire way to get your floating deck installed correctly the first time around. To prepare for success, you’ll need a solid floating deck plan, the best materials, and the right size and amount of materials. Here’s how you can get started on the right foot.
Get a Permit
While most floating decks don’t need a permit, every municipality has its own requirements. Always check with your local building permit office to ensure you don’t need a permit. Here are some factors that building permits for floating decks may consider:
Width, length, and height dimensions
Electric connections
Plumbing connections
Location in your yard
Service door addition
Design Your Floating Deck
Building a deck without a vision is like solving a maze in the dark. Plan your design before you start building so that you know what your floating deck will need. You can either draw your design yourself, find a deck design online, or work with a deck builder to customize your structure to the highest standards.
Choose the Right Materials
Pressure-treated wood boards: The most common decking material is pressure-treated (PT) wood. This material goes on the surface of your frame.
Composite boards: As an alternative to wood decking, composite decking materials are a low-maintenance option. Many homeowners choose between wood and composite decking.
Ground contact wood: For the base of your floating deck, ground contact wood offers greater resistance to rot and decomposition than above-ground lumber like PT wood.
Calculate Your Material Amounts
With your floating deck layout in hand, calculating your materials is a matter of knowing the size of your materials and the dimensions of your plan. The best way to calculate your materials is to follow a decking calculator or adhere to a design plan from a kit with the materials included. You’ll need to make sure you have the right number of materials for the dimensions of your particular deck.
How to Build a Floating Deck
Roll up your sleeves and follow these steps on how to build a floating deck.
1. Clear the Site
The first step is to clear the site so your deck can lay flat on the ground. Here’s what you might need to do, depending on the type of landscape on your property:
Remove all obstacles, including plants, trees, grass, and boulders.
Contact 811 before you dig to ensure site safety.
Level the site using an excavator for larger projects or a shovel for smaller projects.
Rake the dirt until it’s level.
Tamp the soil with a hand tamper.
Leave a slight slope away from your home to prevent water runoff from damaging your property.
2. Mark Your Deck Footing
Marking the footing of your deck is an essential step that sets up the foundation of your project.
With a can of spray paint, mark your deck’s footing by following these steps:
Measure the length and width of your layout and spray an “x” to mark the spot.
Lay your deck footing over the center of each marking.
Spray paint around the blocks to map where your deck footings will go.
3. Check Your Measurements
Before you start building your frame, check the corners of the layout by measuring diagonally from one side of your markings to the other. Jot down the measurements and then repeat the process with the other two corners. The two numbers should be the same. If the measurements differ, you’ll need to go back and re-measure your layout.
4. Lay the Deck Footing
Laying the footing sets your deck up for a stable foundation. Remember, floating decks don’t require you to dig. You can lay either concrete blocks or another type of deck block, according to your design plan. For a stronger foundation, however, consider setting your deck’s footing underground.
Above-Ground
With gloves on, lay the blocks as indicated in your layout.
You should space concrete blocks no more than 8 feet apart. TuffBlocks should be no more than 5 feet apart.
Place one support block in the center of your layout to support the center beam.
Lay a 12-by-4-foot board across the blocks or use a string level.
With the level, check that they’re even.
If any blocks are too low, add gravel underneath.
Remove gravel or soil underneath blocks that are too high.
Below-Ground
Use a shovel to dig a hole that fits the size of your footing.
Temp the ground.
Add a thin layer of gravel to the hole.
Temp the ground again.
Lay the concrete block in the hole.
Fill empty spaces with soil or gravel.
Repeat until each footing is in the ground.
Be sure to include a footing to support the center beam.
Lay a 12-by-4-foot board across the blocks and use a level, or use a string level, to check the height.
Add gravel underneath blocks that are too low.
Remove substrate underneath blocks that are too high.
5. Build the Outer Deck Frame
The outer deck frame contains two longer boards and two standard boards. The longer boards go on the ends as rim joists, while the other two boards go on the inside to form a rectangle. Follow these steps to piece them together.
Line up your boards over the footers.
Double-check your measurements.
Use a circular saw to cut any standard board pieces that are too long. Rim joists can hang over for now.
Mark the places you’re going to drill.
Drill the pilot holes.
Use deck screws and a drill to secure the pieces together.
6. Position the Outer Frame
With your outer frame complete, fit the frame into the footers—if they have grooves. For concrete slabs, simply lay the outer frame over it, lining up the corners and the center point with the slabs.
You might also need to square your deck’s frame with the help of a friend. This additional step straightens out the shape so each corner is at a 90-degree angle. Have a friend go to the opposite side and corner of the frame as you. Their corner should be diagonal to your corner. You’lll need to push the corners toward each other until you have equal diagonal measurements.
7. Prevent Weeds
Taking weed-preventative measures can save you the nuisance of having to pull up sneaky weeds from your deck later down the line. Here’s how to control weeds in your deck area.
Unroll heavy-duty landscaping fabric on top of your tamped soil.
Be sure to cover the entire area underneath the outer frame of your deck.
Staple the fabric to the inside portion of your frame.
Pour gravel on top of the landscape fabric.
Use a shovel to spread out the gravel until it’s 4 inches thick in every section.
Compact the gravel using a compactor if necessary.
8. Assemble the Joists
The next step is to put together the floor joists of your deck. Several joist sections need assembling, including the floor joists and end joists.
Floor Joists
These joists make up the longer sections of your frame. Follow these steps to get the job done:
Use L brackets, screws, and a screwdriver to connect a center beam to the side joists.
With a pencil, mark where your joists will go. The joists should be somewhere between 12 and 16 inches apart.
Use a speed square to draw the lines down the entire length of your beams.
Secure joist hangers to the frame and center beam using the screws that came with them and a screwdriver.
Lay the joists on the hangers.
Secure them using joist hanger screws.
Fill each fastener hole in the joist hanger with a fastener.
End Joists
End joists make for a sturdier deck, so don’t forget to add them to your deck. Follow these steps to install them:
Secure an end joist to each rim joist using wood screws and a drill.
Make your frame even more stable by fastening a smaller board to the inner face of your rim joists using wood screws and a drill.
Screw in corner brackets to the inner parts of your corners to add more stability to your frame.
9. Assemble the Sleepers (Optional)
While the first thing that might come to mind is taking a nap, sleepers are short support walls for your deck’s joists and beams. Here’s how to assemble sleepers:
Use a pencil to mark where your sleepers will go.
Sleepers should be no more than 16 inches apart.
Ensure the sleepers will leave at least 2 inches of space beneath the decking.
Install sleepers perpendicularly to the joists using brackets.
10. Cut Overhanging Pieces
If you have any overhanging pieces of wood in your frame, go ahead and use a portable saw to remove excess pieces.
11. Install the Deck Boards
Now it’s time to install the decking. Follow these steps to get your deck installed in no time.
Check the lengths of all your boards and ensure you have all of the materials.
Mark where your deck boards will go on your joists according to your design plan.
Drill two pilot holes for every place you’re installing the boards.
Use 2 or 2½-inch deck screws to secure the deck boards to your joists.
Leave ⅛-inch spaces between each board to allow for expansion in hot weather.
Once complete, trim overhanging boards—or leave them for aesthetics.
Sand, stain, and seal your deck to maintain its look.
Tips for Maintaining a Floating Deck
After spending all that time and energy building your deck, the last thing you want is for your deck to wither away prematurely. Here are some tips on how to maintain your floating deck so that it lasts for years to come.
Apply a sealant every one to two years.
Stain your deck every two to three years.
Remove debris as needed.
Routinely wash and clean your deck.
Factor in your local climate and increase how often you clean and seal your deck if you live somewhere with high humidity, lots of deciduous trees, and extreme weather.
Repair or replace broken, rotten, or splintered wood.
DIY vs. Hire a Pro
DIY floating decks cost around $2,800 to $24,000 or $20 to $60 per square foot, including labor. This is a major increase in cost compared to $5 to $25 per square foot to install it yourself. At the same time, if you’re installing a large floating deck or don’t have the skills or physical labor to do it yourself, you might need to consider hiring a pro.
A local deck builder can help you build the deck of your dreams without feeling like you’re solving a geometry problem or pushing beyond your physical limits. Plus, they will sure the deck is built safely and according to your deck design and local building regulations.
Frequently Asked Questions
What goes under your floating deck depends on your preferences. Some homeowners put landscaping fabric underneath their decks to prevent weeds from popping up through the boards. Others choose to build a floating deck over grass or gravel. However, it’s best not to set your deck directly on the ground. Instead, set your deck on blocks to keep it elevated enough to prevent moisture from rotting the wood.
In most cases, your deck will need some form of deck footing to hold it in place, preventing moisture from rotting your wood and decreasing your deck’s lifespan. Concrete deck blocks are the most common type of footing for floating decks. Some homeowners use ground-level deck footings. For added security, consider digging and laying your ground-level footings below ground.