When is the Best Time to Plant Trees?

Growing a tree is a journey, and your planting date can play an important role in its success. The best time to plant trees depends on the tree species. From seasonal deciduous trees to year-round evergreens, different tree types will build healthy roots at different times of the year. This guide will cover the best time to plant trees and other factors that play into the ideal timing.

When To Plant Trees

In most cases, fall is the best time to plant trees, just after the scorching sun lets up and the days start to cool. During the occasional warm days in fall or winter, tree roots will start to grow as long as the soil stays warm enough, helping them establish a stable foundation before spring. By the time spring arrives, fall-planted trees have already started establishing their roots, giving them a head start on growth over trees planted in the spring.

Factors That Affect Tree Planting

Several factors can impact the best time to plant trees. Consider these variables when planning out your tree planting.

Climate Zone

Your local climate plays a critical role in growing a healthy tree. In cooler regions, fall is the best time to plant because it gives the tree time to develop roots before the ground freezes. In warmer areas, you’re safer to plant in early spring, as frost isn’t a concern (but be sure to keep an eye on your area’s weather forecast).

Tree Species

The type of tree is another factor that plays a key role in the optimal time to plant. Deciduous trees—trees that lose their leaves and enter dormancy in winter, such as maples or oaks—thrive when they’re planted in fall before the deep freeze.

On the other hand, evergreens that don’t enter dormancy, like pines and spruces, can be planted in fall or spring since they’re less susceptible to frost. However, fall is still the ideal time to plant, as it allows them plenty of room to establish before the harsh winter sets in.

Bare Root vs. Container Grown

You should plant bare root trees, which are sold without soil around the roots, from late fall to early spring while they are still dormant. Container-grown trees offer more flexibility and you can plant them during any time of year, but they will still benefit from fall planting.

Soil Conditions

Soil that's too dry or wet can stress a tree’s roots, which can make them take longer to establish. For the best results, soil should be moist but not waterlogged. If your area recently experienced heavy rain or flooding, or expects some in the near future, it’s best to wait before getting your new tree in the ground. Testing soil pH and amending any issues can also impact planting success.

Soil compaction is another key point to consider. New constructions or recently excavated homes can settle and disrupt the growth of your new tree, potentially leading to crooked growth. While there are methods for how to straighten a tree, it’s always best to start with decently compacted soil to help avoid this issue. If you’re still eager to plant but suspect the soil is too loose, plant your tree with the top of the root ball about 1 inch above grade to allow for settling while keeping the root crown in a good position. This method prevents the tree from sitting too low in the ground, which can lead to root rot or poor growth. 

The Worst Time to Plant Trees

Tree saplings are delicate, and they need time to develop their root systems before they face extreme heat or cold. This makes late spring, summer, and late fall to winter poor times to get a new tree planted. Summer heat can stress newly planted trees, requiring constant watering and care, while planting too late in the fall might not allow enough time for the tree to establish roots before the ground freezes. In both cases, the tree may struggle to survive and fail to flourish.

Cost to Plant Trees

So, how much does it cost to plant a tree? The national average is about $300, though costs typically range anywhere from $150 to $2,000. Factors such as soil preparation, equipment rental, and any necessary permits can affect the overall cost, as well as whether you hire a local landscaper or plant the tree yourself.

DIY vs Hiring a Pro

You can save on labor costs by planting a tree yourself, but it's important to consider the costs and effort involved. It's also important to be aware of the potential risks, as incorrect planting techniques can lead your tree to grow improperly or even perish before it has a chance to mature. If you're dealing with a large tree, moving and planting it yourself may be hazardous. Leaving your tree planting to a local professional landscaper is the best way to set it up for success.