What Is a Split System HVAC?

Whether you are looking to have a new HVAC system installed or to replace your existing one, you may be wondering, what is a split system HVAC, and is it right for my home? Split systems are so named because they have two main units—one located inside your home, and one located outdoors. There are many types of split HVAC systems, including mini-splits. Here’s more about what a split system HVAC is, the different types available, and the costs so that you can choose the right type for your house.

What Is a Split System HVAC?

A split system HVAC is a heating or cooling system that consists of two main units. It is called a "split" system because one unit is indoors and the other is outdoors. The indoor unit contains the evaporator and air handlers that distribute air through the ductwork and into the residence or building. The outdoor unit contains a condenser and compressor.

However, there are also ductless split HVAC systems that don’t require ductwork. The connection methods vary depending on the split system HVAC type and installation requirements.

Types of Split HVAC Systems

There are many different types of split HVAC systems to choose from. Which is right for your home depends on factors such as your home's size, budget, and features that suit your heating and cooling needs.

Here are a few of the most common types of split system HVACs:

Split System Heat Pump

A split system heat pump has the ability to pull heat from outdoors and into your home to keep it warm in the winter. It also pulls heat out of your home during the summer to keep it cool and comfortable. Basically, it is an air conditioner that can also work in reverse.

Conventional split system heat pumps distribute cooling and heating through air ducts to keep your home at a desirable temperature. However, there are also ductless split system heat pumps that allow the air to be dispersed directly from an air handler rather than utilizing air ducts.

Air Conditioning Split System

This type of split system is a basic model and is strictly for cooling your home. It does not have a heating function. The indoor unit contains the air handler that has an evaporator coil and blower, while the outside unit contains the compressor and condenser coil. Refrigerant lines connect the two main units; they work by removing humidity and heat to cool down your home.

Mini-Split System

Mini-split systems are growing in popularity because they are energy-efficient and easier to install. There are ductless and ducted mini-split systems. A ductless system is best for heating and cooling an individual room or small space such as a studio apartment or tiny home.

A ducted mini-split is ideal if you need to heat and cool multiple rooms or a larger space. It can also be a good choice if you have existing ductwork.

However, a ductless system can be less expensive because it requires less installation time, and there is no ductwork to repair down the road.

HVAC Packaged System vs. Split System

Unlike a split system, a packaged HVAC system has the compressor, evaporator coil, and condenser all located in a single unit. The cabinet will typically be placed on a concrete slab outside the home or roof.

These systems are more compact, but the heating function isn't as efficient as a split unit, so these types of systems are better suited if you live in a warmer climate. It is also preferred by homeowners with limited indoor space because the entire unit is outside the home.

How Much Does a Split System HVAC Cost?

How much a split system costs depends on the type, brand, BTU size, and labor costs. A heat pump system costs between $4,200 and $7,600 to purchase and install. A mini-split system can range between $2,000-$14,500. Another factor is whether you are installing a brand-new system or replacing an existing one.

For instance, if your previous HVAC system already had ductwork in place, then you may be able to save on costs if the ductwork is in good shape and you only have to replace the units themselves.

It's essential to research various types of HVAC systems to ensure you purchase the best one that suits your needs, fits into your budget, and is right for your home.

How Long Will a Split HVAC System Last?

The lifespan of a split system HVAC depends on many factors, such as the type of system, brand, and if it is installed properly. Typically, they can last anywhere from 10-20 years before you will have to replace them. However, it's vital to maintain your HVAC system regularly to keep it in good working condition. Otherwise, it will need costly repairs or replacing much sooner.

You can perform some of the maintenance yourself by doing things such as replacing your air filters, cleaning out air ducts, and removing debris from around the outdoor unit.

Having an HVAC maintenance checklist will remind you to perform specific tasks that are needed. You should also have a professional HVAC technician perform an inspection at least once a year.

Is a Split System HVAC Worth the Cost?

The good news is there are a variety of types of split systems to choose from, so you can pick which one is best for your home and budget. HVAC systems such as a mini-split can be more energy efficient, which can reduce utility costs. Plus, installing any type of split system HVAC may even increase the value of your home.

It's vital to have a professional install whichever unit you choose to use to ensure it is installed correctly. Plus, many states require you to have a license to perform work or install an HVAC system.  A professional will ensure it will work correctly, and you will not have the headache of something malfunctioning from improper installation.

Reach out to a professional air conditioner installer near you so you can have full confidence the job will be done right, and you will be sitting in comfort in no time.