5 Types Of Dampers In HVACs: Everything You Need to Know

It’s no secret that HVAC systems have many working parts that allow them to operate efficiently. Most people don’t think about the components of this complex system until one stops working. However, knowing the type of damper in your HVAC systems can help you repair or replace broken parts faster.

Dampers are a vital part of the HVAC system and help control the airflow to specific parts of a home or building. They are movable plate-like components located at the main trunk line and supply ducts. Let’s dive into the various types of dampers in HVACs so you can identify which type is in your system.

1. Louver Dampers

Louver dampers in HVAC systems consist of a series of horizontal blades that you can adjust to control the airflow’s amount, speed, and direction. This type of damper is one of the most common dampers used in homes because they prevent backdrafts and increase energy efficiency.

These dampers can isolate different zones or sections of the system when necessary. For example, if the system requires maintenance or an emergency repair is needed.

Best for: Controlling volume and direction of air

2. Blade Dampers

Blade dampers have thin metal plates inside a metal frame. These blades can have parallel or opposing configurations. The opposing blades move in opposite directions to open and close, whereas parallel blades move in the same direction.

Opposing blades have more control over directional airflow than their parallel counterparts. However, both types are very durable and optimal for restricting airflow when needed. These types of dampers in HVAC systems are commonly used in industrial and commercial buildings.

Best for: Maintaining and directional airflow

3. Butterfly Flat Dish Dampers

Butterfly flat dish dampers have a round blade that pivots on a central hinge that allows it to open and close shut. If you’re looking for your damper, you can spot this frame because it’s made of galvanized steel or aluminum.

When open, butterfly flat dish dampers allow air to flow in one direction, making them optimal for preventing backdrafts. These dampers can tolerate high pressure, making them ideal for heating and cooling systems.

Best for: Round ducts and isolated air control

4. Inlet Vane Dampers

Inlet vane dampers in HVACs look like fans, although they can be custom-made into various sizes. They control the airflow that enters the system, adjusting the angle of the vanes. When the vanes are open, they allow maximum airflow, and when they’re closed, the air is reduced.

An actuator controls this type of damper by signals from the pressure or temperature sensor. Inlet vane dampers assist in improving the efficiency by regulating your home’s airflow.

Best for: Stability and control of airflow

5. Guillotine Dampers

Guillotine dampers are more common in large commercial or industrial buildings. The name is fitting because, well, this type of damper looks like a guillotine. They have a single, heavy-duty metal blade placed in a metal frame.

You can move the damper up or down to shut off air flow completely. They are ideal for situations that require a tight seal because it prevents air from leaking into the duct system.

Best for: Cutting off airflow completely

Can I Replace a Bad HVAC Damper Myself?

Unless you have previous professional HVAC experience, it’s best to leave HVAC repairs or installations to the professionals. The cost will depend on the damper’s condition and issue, plus whether other maintenance is required. However, the average cost to replace a motorized damper is $350, but can range between $250 to $450.

However, you will avoid the risk of injuries and improperly installing the damper by having a professional air conditioner installer near you complete this task for you. HVAC professionals have the skills, tools, and expertise necessary to restore your heating and cooling systems to their best condition.